Gas burner having port-connecting pilot slot



March 20, 1951 M. E. MQGOWAN ET AL GAS BURNER HAVING PORT-CONNECTINGPILOT SLOT.

Filed 001;. 2'7, 1945 15 14 INVENTORS u. y M E. M1: 60/449 J P C. 055

BY mm ATTORNEY Patented Mar. 20, 1951 UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE GASBURNER HAVING PORT-CONNECTING PILOT SLOT Michael E. McGowan, Bloomfield,and Paul E. C.

Moes, West Orange, N. 3., assignors to WestinghouseElectric Corporation,East Pittsburgh, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application October27, 1945 Serial No. 625,068

a gas burner in which the ratio between the port area and pilot area iskept within desired limits,

in order to reduce the sensitivity thereof and improve its operation,especially when turned low.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent asthe description proceeds.

Referring to the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a plan of a preferred form of burner embodying our invention,the scale thereof being enlarged.

Fig. 2 is an elevational view, partly in vertical section, on the lineIIII of Figure l, in the direction of the arrows.

, Fig. 3 is an end view loo king from the right .of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a transversesectional view on the line IVIV of Fig. l, in thedirection of the arrows.

In the past, it has been the practice to make small apertures, either bydrilling holes or milling slots of the required area, in forming theoutlet apertures of gas burners. In the case of drilling, solid metalwas ,left in the spaces between the apertures, and 'in milling slots theburner was usually made in two sections, one section having slots in therequired number and area. After forming the sections, the abutting areaswere lapped to seal the joints between the slots, thus obtaining acondition between the openings comparable of that obtained by thedrilling method. We have found that burners made in accordance with theabove are very sensitive to adjustment of gas pressures and volume ofgas burned.

In accordance with our invention, we propose an improved burner in whichthe sensitivity and adjustment has been minimized. This is accomplishedby using a slot-milling method on one section and on the oppositesection relieving the surface to a predetermined extent for a length tospan the slots. The joints around the perimeter are then lapped, exceptbetween the slots. The clearance thus provided acts as a pilot light, orhas an efiect allowing various conditions ofadjustment of the gases toburn uniformly without popping out or back-firing, as experienced inburners previously constructed.

Now referring to the drawing in detail, like parts being designated bylike reference char acters, there is illustrated a burner chamber Hformed in two parts [2 and I3. The parts may be connected by bolts i iand together define'a gas holding cavity E5. Combustible gas ormixtures, such as hydrogen and oxygen, illuminating gas and oxygen, orhydrogen, may be admitted from supply pipe It, after passing from amixer and/or safety check valve (not shown).

One of the walls of the burner chamber II is defined by a flange of thepart [2 and one of the part I3. Gne of said flanges, in this instancevbe semicircular, triangular, or other shape, if

desired, and may extend from one or both sides of the pilot slot. Such aburner will operate satisfactorily for consuming rom 2, to 5 cu. ft. ofnatural gas, mixed with twice the volume of oxygen, per hr., ormanufactured gas ofdouble the volumn with equal volume of oxygen. Thethickness of the wall in which the slots i8 and relief I9 are formedshould be not less than inch, although it may be up to inch or more inthickness.

In accordance with our experience the clearance forming the slot i9 actsas a pilot or ties together all the burner flames from the ports l8,which open in a common plane, to prevent extinguishment or back-firing.It will also .be understood that although we have shown a flat burner,yet a ring burner or one of other shape may be similarly formed. As analternative, the relief area [9 may be provided in one of the parts andthe slots 18 milled or inset into the same part, rather than theopposite or cooperating flange, thereby providing a construction whichlooks like that of Fig. 1 except that the notches l8 extend in theopposite direction from those illustrated.

We have found from experience that the ratio between the pilot area andthe port area,"

that is, between the area of the slot I9 and the aggregate area of thenotches i8, is about three to one, or between about 2 /2 and 3 to one.The actual measurement of a satisfactory burner, is where the pilot areais .017 67 inch and the port area .005 inch, a ratio of about 3 to one,with the length of the port, or the thickness of the wall in which theslots are formed, between ,4; and inch. Such a burner will operatesatisfactorily for consuming from 1 to 4 cu. ft. of natural gas, mixedwith twice the volume of oxygen, per hr., or manufactured gas of doublethe volume mixed with equal volume of oxygen.

Although a preferred embodiment of our invention has been disclosed, itwill he understood that modifications may be made within the spirit andscope of the appended claims.

We claim:

1. A gas burner, comprising a chamber, means for supplying gaseous fuelthereto, one wall of said chamber being at least inch thick and having aseries of holes of about .01 inch transverse dimensions, with centersspaced about /8 inch, and passages about .0025 inch wide connecting saidholes, whereby its sensitivity to adjust- .ment of .fuel gas pressuresand volumes is decreased, and popping or backfiring avoided even whenburning at a low rate of fuel consumption. 2. A gas burner, comprising achamber, means for supplying gaseous fuel thereto, one wall of saidchamber being at least inch thick and having a burner aperturecomprising a series of ports connected by a pilot slot also extendingthrough said wall, the pilot area being from about 2. to 13 V2 times theaggregate port area, whereby its sensitivity to adjustment of fuel gaspressures and volumes is decreased, and popping or back- .firing avoidedeven when burning at a low rate of fuel consumption.

'3. A gas burner comprising a chamber, means for supplying gaseous fuelthereto, one wall of said chamber being at least inch thick and having aburner aperture comprising a series of ports connected by a pilot slot,the aggregate area of the ports being about .0009 sq. inch and that ofthe pilot slot about .0025 sq. inch, whereby its sensitivity toadjustment of fuel gas pressures and volumes is decreased, and poppingor backfiring avoided even when burning at a low rate of fuelconsumption.

4. A gas burner comprising a chamber, means for supplying gaseous fuelthereto, one wall of said chamber being at least A; inch thick andhaving a burner aperture comprising a series of ports connected by apilot slot, the aggregate area of 4 the ports being about .005 sq. inchand that of the pilot slot about .01767 sq. inch whereby its sensitivityto adjustment of fuel gas pressures and volumes is decreased, andpopping or backfiring avoided even when burning at a low rate of fuelconsumption.

5. A gas burner of low sensitivit at different burning adjustmentscomprising a chamber, means for supplying gaseous fuel thereto, one wall'of said chamber having in a common plane a series of outlet holes witha narrow open passage through said wall and connecting said holes toprovide a burner outlet, the spacing between hole centers being abouttwelve times the dimension of each hole along the length of said narrowpassage.

6. A gas burner of low sensitivity at different burning adjustmentscomprising a chamber, means for supplying gaseous fuel thereto, one wallof said chamber being at least A inch thick and having a series ofoutlet holes forming a port area, and a narrow passage forming a pilotarea, also extending through said wall, connecting said holes, the pilotarea being from about 2 to 3% times the aggregate port area, and all ofsaid holes and passage opening in a common plane to provide a burneroutlet, the dimension of each hole along the line of holes being aboutthe same as that transverse thereto, whereby its sensitivity toadjustment of fuel gas pressure and volume is decreased, and popping outor backfiring avoided even when burning at a low rate of fuelconsumption.

MICHAEL 'MoGOWAN' PAUL E. C. MOES.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS France Feb. 5, 1934

